All these meanings of this word could be seen in the third chapter in the example dirty hell in English that is translated into Romanian as ngrozitor de murdare that point out that the author used not only the main meaning of the word in his novel but and the secondary meanings of the word. In The Catcher in the Rye, what does Holden mean when he says, "Don't ever tell anybody anything. ?>. They were fighting over writing the English composition. Ill just tell you about this madman stuff that happened to me around last Christmas before I got pretty run-down and had to come out here and take it easy. The glove was covered with poems which Allie had written on it so he could read them when he became bored in the outfield. It is obvious from the start that Holden uses the hat as a mark of individuality and independence. What is their relationship? We must think that the authors language was revolutionary, new and controversial at the time his first stories were published. The author begins the novel with the using of the stylistic devices such as comparison like touchy as hell(J. D. Salinger: 1) through this stylistic devices the author wanted to point out besides his positive point of view about all his parents but also he had some negative thoughts about his parents. The interjection that was used by the author is Ohwell (J. D. Salinger:7)The interjection used by the author Oh it is possible to express various feelings such as regret, despair, disappointment sorrow, surprise and many others but especially this the author point out to the reader Old Spenser hesitation for giving a clear and interesting answer to Holdens question. From History to Procedures, Zainurrahman 2009; http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary; http://lobeckta.tripod.com/carnavaldebinche/id7.html; Roderick A. Jacobs, English Syntax, A Grammar for English Language Professionals, Oxford University Press 1995; Salinger J. D. , The Catcher in the Ray, Penguin Book/Group 1958; Thesaurus of American Slang. This passage, in which Holden explains why he loves the Museum of Natural History, is located in Chapter 16. http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/catcher/facts.html; http://www.scribd.com/doc/9711270/the-Catcher-in-the-Rye-1945-De-Veghe-in-Lanul-de-Secara-Jdsalinger. We use cookies to give you the best experience possible. . Renew your subscription to regain access to all of our exclusive, ad-free study tools. London 1995. Slang is often to be found in areas of the lexicon that refer to things considered taboo. In Salingers Catcher in the Rye Holden Caulfields entire plot deals with him trying to isolate from society. An idiom may be used in the source text in both its literal and idiomatic senses at the same time. As he finishes the essay, Holden can hear Ackley snoring and comments that one has to feel sorry for Ackley when one considers all the problems he has.". Of the writers in Salinger's generation, Pulitzer Prize-winning novelist John Updike attested that "the short stories of J. D. Salinger really opened my eyes as to how you can weave fiction out of a set of events that seem almost unconnected, or very lightly connected. Yates describes Salinger as "a man who used language as if it were pure energy beautifully controlled, and who knew exactly what he was doing in every silence as well as in every word." Holden's deep unresolved sadness over the loss of his brother, a person he tells us was better than him,who should not have died at such as young age, indicates that he feels a sense of guilt over being alive Holden questions why he should still be here, when he brother, who was smarter and kinder than him should be dead.One of the central questions that Holden asks in the book, and never receives a satisfactory answer to, is how can a young person die and the world, his family, accept it and move on with their lives. The volume meaning of these words does not usually coincide (except term-words). In The Catcher in the Rye, why does Holden like Mercutio (from Romeo and Juliet) so much? Those which are easily recognizable include expressions which violate truth conditions. Or a house Just make it descriptive as hell.". Holden has isolated himself in an attempt to be his own savior, but Mr. Antolini's image of falling presents a more accurate image of what awaits Holden on the other side of the cliff. It thus reveals the weaknesses of Holden's romantic outlook. (Chapter 16, page 121) Holden also mentions that he is troubled by the fact that he has changed every time he returns to them. In the end can be concluded that the main Lexical translation problems are: Practically, stylistic devices in almost all languages are similar still though their functions in speech vary. Salingers works start out in bad situations. The hat represents distance from society and insecurity. Literary translators can also use the interpretation of other critics, the options of other native speakers of both the SL and the TL, and the help of numerous dictionaries (but this type of support is limited in ideas). You may cancel your subscription on your Subscription and Billing page or contact Customer Support at custserv@bn.com. Holden is upset with the show more content Holden writes an essay for his friend Stradlater for school .Holden writes a composition about Allies glove and the writings on Allie's mitt . At this work, Salinger uses the technique of the interior monologue; this procedure reinforces the little stream of consciousness of Holden (we can appreciate his way of thinking). A word is judged to be polysemous if it has two senses of the word whose meanings are related. But the impossibility of such a fantasy is the tragedy of Holden's situation: rather than face the challenges around him, he retreats to a fantasy world of his own making. Focused on some of Holdens linguistic repetitions and their importance, as well as on Salingers humor and comic effects and their renditions in the two versions. What Stradlater did not expect was that Holden would write about his late brother's baseball glove. After a dry and unappetizing steak dinner in the dining hall, Holden gets into a snowball fight with some of the other Pencey boys. I went down by a different staircase, and I saw another Fuck you on the wall. The Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary, Sixth Edition, Oxford University Press 2007; http://dictionary.oed.com/cgi/entry/50034626?single=1&query_type=word&queryword=catharsis&first=1&max_to_show=10. or signs to have multiple meanings or a large semantic field. Intralinguistic transfer can also be illustrated by stylistic differentiation. He thinks the line is If a body catch a body comin' through the rye, but the actual lyric is If a body meet a body, coming through the rye.. Finally, the pond itself becomes a minor metaphor for the world as Holden sees it, because it is partly frozen and partly not frozen. The pond is in transition between two states, just as Holden is in transition between childhood and adulthood. . | In translation, both the source language and the target one are important. How do you know? Stradlater's composition is supposed to be about a room in a house that can be described. The research started by using the strategy of creating links between different relevant aspects of J. D. Salingers life and work, different contexts involved in the production of his fiction, as well as in the production of the Romanian translations and different major studies on translation theories in order to have a strong starting point contribution in the analytic comparative case study between J. D. Salingers novel and its Romanian renditions in order to demonstrate Salingers reception, his impact on Romanian readership and the analysis of the need for a retranslation of his novel. I tried to rub it off with my hand again, but this one was scratched on, with a knife or something. The following problem which demands careful consideration in lexical transformations of translation is problem of word combinability. It is significant that in the final sentence Holden uses the second-person pronoun you instead of the first-person me. It seems to be an attempt to distance him from the inevitable process of change. Those are the statements given to us by the Declaration of Independence. In 1948 he published the critically-acclaimed story "A Perfect Day for Bananafish" in The New Yorker magazine, which became home too much of his subsequent work. Such situations made the translators task and work tremendously difficult because they had to find ways of compensating the loss caused by the inability of recreating a similar effect in the TT because Romanian has a system in which words are written the same way they are read as opposed to English which has a different system. If you had a million years to do it in, you couldnt rub out even half the Fuck you signs in the world. The museum represents the world Holden wishes he could live in: it's the world of his catcher in the rye fantasy, a world where nothing ever changes, where everything is simple, understandable, and infinite. Holden has to be in the mood to do anything. False friends - are an umbrella term where some similarity between two words in a language pair dealt with look or sound sufficiently alike to sometimes make translators render the source word by a target word that is semantically wrong in that context. you to an academic expert within 3 minutes. Colloquialism is a lexical item used in informal speech; whilst the broadest sense of the term colloquialism might include slangism, its narrow sense does not. However, market requirements are increasingly demanding that translators transfer texts to a target language that is not their mother tongue, but a foreign language. Salinger probably wanted to establish a temporal perspective and not risk having the reader assume that Holden was writing something like a diary or journal. For this reason, the translator plays an important role as a bilingual or multi-lingual cross-cultural transmitter of culture and truths by attempting to interpret concepts and speech in a variety of texts as faithfully and accurately as possible. In translation from English to other languages it is faced the conflict of two completely different cultures, levels of development, customs and traditions. This twofold approach, social and cultural, can help better understand the whole context in which Salinger produced his literary masterpiece, which in turn can greatly help in understanding the reception of the novel in the two cultures and its status in contemporary society. The following example point out that the writers style is so rich and full of different devices from which can be deduced the next translation difficulties which are find out from the novel during the process of analyzing the both variants of the novel English and Romanian: Related with the informal nature stated, it must also point out the absence of any type of logical structure in Holdens discourse. Contextual meaning of a word is always effective semantically and stylistically owing to its unexpectedness as well. We're sorry, SparkNotes Plus isn't available in your country. Theyre nice and all Im not saying that but. The most frequent types of difficulties arising from translation that can be proposed to assess in any translation are the following: The method of penalization of errors must be previously established, using clear criteria, and placing emphasis on the lack of coherence, especially regarding meaning and sense, whether it is due to faulty translation, missing items or the wrong application of lexical, semantic, grammatical, graphemic and/or cultural transfer. There are different types of translation difficulties. Through his work in The Catcher in the Rye, we can see Salinger's battle fatigue or post-traumatic stress disorder in his character, Holden Caulfield. The main representatives of this period are Ernest Hemingway, Sherwood Anderson, F. Scott Fitzgerald and the writer whose work would be treated in this thesis is J. D. Salinger with his well-known novel The Catcher in the Rye.. in Davis 317), The Catcher in the Rye has been banned continually from schools, libraries, and bookstores due to its profanity, sexual subject matter, and rejection of some traditional American ideals. The fact that he is having this conversation with Phoebe, a child who is anything but simple and innocent, reveals the oversimplification of his worldview. In a New York Times op-ed piece published after J. D. Salingers recent death, David Lodge charged that many of Salingers critics simply didnt get his work, particularly his post-Catcher in the Rye and Nine Stories work. answer choices He had been expelled because he failed four of five subjects. It occurs in Chapter 22, after Holden has slipped quietly back into his apartment and is speaking with Phoebe. I'd just be the catcher in the rye and all. Its hopeless, anyway. Another important aspect of this chapter focused on the presentation of the major themes developed by Salinger in his novel, in the Nine Stories collection and in some of his mature and last publications until 1965 when he stopped publishing his writings. Drugs, used so as to be inconspicuous, but euphemistic. Another important type of translation difficulty that was used by the author in his writing The Catcher in the Rye is abbreviation that is a kind of shortening of the words through cutting one of the part of the word and using the apostroph for joining two words, that is the type which create a lot of problem in the prosses of translation.. Therse exemples of translation difficulties used by the author in his vovel The Catcher in the Ray shows to the reader that the writer tried to combine in his work different features of the period in which he activated that is Modernism and some important features of the previous period which is Realism. In general, the main characters are usually misfits of society: they dont like their way of life; they use to start with their stories telling us their bad conditions, their problems with the society and life in general. Rev. Their mysterious perseverance in the face of an inhospitable environment resonates with Holden's understanding of his own situation. This phenomenon the connection of words with completely various semantic features is peculiar to all languages, but in each language it has various rules and traditions. There are also expressions that are used in American English only, such as most of the slangy utterances mentioned above.[13]. Already a member? Central Idea Essay: What Does the Title Mean? The hat represents distance from society and insecurity. As it turns out, Ackley and Brossard have already seen the film, so the trio simply eats some burgers, plays a little pinball, and heads back to Pencey. . By entering your email address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age of 13. Motifs are recurring structures, contrasts, or literary devices that can help to develop and inform the text's major themes. Holden also hates the fact that Ackley comes into his room and picks up things that belong to him and his roommate, Ward Stradlater. The reader is intrigued by the dramatic aspect of the quarrel with Stradlater and hardly realizes that he is being cunningly conditioned to believe that Holden is capable of writing "The Catcher in the Rye," a book full of subtle observations about people and about life in general. similarities between behaviorism and social cognitive theory; . This is why you remain in the best website to see the incredible book to have. Sometimes only one of those meanings is intended, depending on context, and sometimes multiple meanings are intended at the same time. Holdens actions are inconsistent with his opinions, but instead of making him seem like a hypocrite, this makes him more likable: he is kind to Ackley without commenting on it, and he shows himself capable of going to the movies with his friends like a normal teenager. Use of contractions: youll, dont, theyre, thats, isnt, hes. And hes also an important influence for writers as Harold Brodkey or the two Pulitzer Prize- winners John Updike and Philip Roth. Generally speaking, the more difficult an expression is to understand and the less sense it makes in a given context, the more likely a translator will recognize it as an idiom. Indeed, the cynicism that Holden uses to avoid expressing his feelings may result from Allies death. Thats all id do all day. Collocations is the way in which particular ors tend to occur or belong together. I need at least one quote for support. Here will be discussed the impact Salinger had, and still has, on writers worldwide. Mad about Children." One language may express a given meaning by means of a single word, another may express it by means of a transparent fixed expression, a third may express it by means of an idiom, and so on. Holden decides to write about his dead brother's baseball glove because he is deeply depressed about his death and has not come to terms with his grief over the loss of his brother. He lets the reader know how the character feels at that time and his or her thoughts. Along with traditional combinations in languages unexpected combinations are also possible, but they are quite clear, for they follow generally accepted semantic models of word combinability. So his main characters (who have a lot of obstacles) learn about happiness. According to Lotfipour-Saedi, the texture of a text can be characterized by textual features of: Cohesive relations may be grammatical or lexical. Holden is an immature boy who in trying to seem older tends to lean more towards phoniness, a quality he despises in others. It is characteristic to English language the availability of words with wide spread meaning. Other types are derivations from one of the other meanings that lead to a verb or activity. Every language worked out its own clichs and some set expressions used by speakers, nevertheless those word expressions are not phraseological units but they possess complete form, which, in comparison with the phraseological units, are never broken by adding some introductory words or substitution of some of its elements. While arguments attempt to show that something is, will be, or should be the case, explanations try to show why or how something is or will be. As suggested by Kussmaul (1995), it is a good practice to classify the kinds of errors/difficulties. More books than SparkNotes. Throughout the novel The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger obtain numerous symbols that persist in the book. For example, Louis Menand said that the early stories of Pulitzer Prize- winner Philip Roth- were affected by J. D. Salinger. A lot of critics were expressed after the publishing of J. D. Salingers novel The Catcher in the Rye. This book has had a huge impact on teenagers all over the world. It is clear inthe early chapters, that Holden does not have any real friendsat Pency Prep. When Holden finally snaps and attacks his roommate, Stradlater easily overpowers him, and when he tries to seek refuge in Ackleys room, Ackley is so unpleasant that Holden cannot relax. Its possible that Salinger has a very negative view of the world; the author thinks that the research of happiness is based on 3 important elements: religion, loneliness and symbolism. It cost him damn near four thousand bucks. Whatever the difficulty in the translation process, procedures must aim at the essence of the message and faithfulness to the meaning of the source language text being transferred to the target language text. Home from his date, Stradlater barges into the room. Several years before, Allie died of leukemia. There are certain elements in every language which make reference to something else within the text or context of situation for their interpretation.

Packers Strength And Conditioning Coach Salary, Kathleen Hagen Death, Articles W